2014年9月25日 星期四

Elastic Impression Materials


優點
缺點
建議使用
注意事項
Irreversible hydrocolloid
Rapid set
Poor accuracy and surface detail
Diagnostic casts
Pour immediately

Straightforward technique

Not suitable for definitive casts


Low cost



Reversible hydrocolloid
Long working time
Low stability
Multiple preparations
Pour immediately

Hydrophilic
Low tear resistance
Problems with moisture
Use only with stone

No custom tray required
Equipment needed



Low cost



Polysulfide polymer





容易灌模
Setting time
Most impressions
Pour within 1hr. Allow 10 min to set

Tear strength
黏稠、味道不好




一小時內需灌模


Condensation silicone





Setting time
穩定性差
Most impressions
Pour immediately

方便操作
厭水性、難濕潤

Care to avoid bubbles when pouring
Addition silicone





Setting time
有些廠牌會釋放氫氣
Most impressions
Delay pour of some materials

方便操作
厭水性、難濕潤

Care to avoid bubbles when pouring

尺寸穩定性高
改良為較親水



可用Automix



Polyether





Setting time
Working time
Most impressions
Care not to break teeth when separating cast

親水性佳
凝固後很硬



尺寸穩定性高
會吸水膨脹



可用Automix
拔模易斷裂


2014年9月24日 星期三

Provisional Restoration

Principles of Provisional Restoration 

  1. Pulpal protection
  2. Positional stability
  3. Occlusal function
  4. Ease of cleaning
  5. Nonimpinging margins
  6. Strength and retention
  7. Esthetics


Roles of provisional restoration
  • 前牙: 美觀、功能性;後牙: 美觀不要求
  • 暫時替代missing or prepared tooth的function
  • 保護prepared tooth
  • 暫時穩定questionable tooth
  • 與鄰牙有好的contact來維持prepared tooth position

Provisional restoration 製作方法
  • Direct (Intraorally fabricated)
    口內操作,在已經修磨好的牙齒上直接修磨出臨時假牙。
優點

  1. 步驟簡單,操作方便,適合初學者。
  2. 緊急情況適用 (eg. 未約診病人、牙套損壞)
缺點

  1. 邊緣不貼合
  2. 樹脂聚合對tissue造成傷害 (eg. Pulp damage, Allergy)
  • Indirect (Laboratory fabricated)
    口外操作,印出 (取模)修磨好牙齒的區域或無牙區,灌出cast在口外作出臨時假牙。
優點

  1. 邊緣貼合
  2. 避免樹脂聚合造成的傷害
  3. cast可重複使用
缺點

  1. 步驟複雜
  2. 耗時長
  • Indirect-Direct (最常用/ 也是我們用的方法)
    先取模印出cast並在該處wax up 出我們要的牙齒形態,用印模材作出shell,填入樹脂套入之後修磨好的牙齒 (直接在病人口內relined)。
優點

  1. 較Direct way安全 (病人不用接觸這麼多monomers)
  2. Clinical time短 (wax up可以先做好)
缺點:

  1. 需花時間調整shell讓其與邊緣貼合緊密

Principles of Tooth Preparation

Principles of Tooth Preparation
  1. Preservation of tooth structure
  2. Retention and resistance
  3. Structural durability
  4. Marginal integrity
  5. Preservation of the periodontium

Luting agents

COMPARISON of available luting agents

理想luting agents
Zinc
phosphate
Poly-
carboxylate
Glass
ionomer
Resin
ionomer
Composite
resin
Adhesive
resin
備註
厚度(之於
25 micrometer)
Low
小於
小於
小於
大於
大於
大於

牙髓刺激
Low

溶解度
Very low
非常低
~非常低
~非常低

Microleakage
Very low
~非常高
~非常低
非常低
~非常高
~非常低

去除多餘
黏著劑
Easy

固持力
High
~
~


Working time, setting time,  compressive strength (Mpa) 比較
Working time (min)
0~2.5
2.5~5
5~10



Zinc phosphate
V
V




Polycarboxylate
V





Glass ionomer

V




Resin ionomer

V




Composite resin

V
V



Adhesive resin
V
V




Setting time (min)
0~5
5~10
10~15



Zinc phosphate

V
V



Polycarboxylate

V




Glass ionomer

V




Resin ionomer
V





Composite resin
V
V




Adhesive resin
V
V
V



能承受壓力 (Mpa)
→強度
50~100
100~125
125~150
150~175
175~200
200+
Zinc phosphate
V





Polycarboxylate
V





Glass ionomer


V



Resin ionomer
V
V
V



Composite resin




V

Adhesive resin




V
V


LUTING AGENT 優缺點

優點
缺點
注意事項
編號
Zinc phosphate
發展悠久
溶解度高、leakage
用於傳統cast restoration
1
Polycarboxylate
生物相容性 (較不刺激牙髓)
溶解度高、低強度
不要增加水粉比
2
Glass ionomer
透明
溶解度高、leakage
moisture control
3
Resin ionomer
溶解度低、leakage
吸水、發展時間短
勿用於ceramic restoration
4
Composite resin
溶解度低
厚度大、生物刺激
bonding resinmoisture control
5
Adhesive resin
溶解度低、黏著力強
厚度大、發展時間短
moisture control
6
Reinforced ZOE
生物相容性
低強度
僅用於retention很好的情況
7


INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS for luting agent types
填補類型
適應症
禁忌症
Cast crown, metal-ceramic crown, partial FDP
1234567

Crown or partial FDP with poor retention
6
123457
MCC with porcelain margin
1234567

Casting on patient with history of post-treatment sensitivity
27
5
Pressed, high-leucite, ceramic crown
56
12347
Slip-cast alumina crown
123567
4
Ceramic inlay
56
12347
Ceramic veneer
56
12347
Resin-retained partial FDP
56
12347
Cast post and core
13456
27
註解:FDP, fixed dental prosthesis; MCC, metal-ceramic crown; ZOE, zinc oxide–eugenol.